Saudi Arabia and Iran agreed to resume diplomatic relations in Beijing: setting an example of peaceful dialogue to solve international problems

China, Saudi Arabia and Iran issued a tripartite joint statement in Beijing on the 10th. The three countries announced that Saudi Arabia and Iran reached an agreement, including agreeing to resume diplomatic relations between the two sides. The Secretary-General of the United Nations Guterres issued a statement through a spokesman, welcoming the resumption of diplomatic relations between Saudi Arabia and Iraq, and thanking China for facilitating dialogue.

Li Shaoxian, president of the Chinese Academy of Arab States at Ningxia University, said in an interview with reporters from the China News Agency that Shai’s agreement to resume diplomatic relations showed China’s patience, wisdom and responsibility, had a positive impact on the security situation in the Middle East, and set an example for resolving relevant international issues through peaceful dialogue.

Shay’s motivation for agreeing to resume diplomatic relations

“Three factors contributed to Shai agreeing to resume diplomatic relations.” Li Shaoxian pointed out that, first of all, there are common interests between the two countries. In the past, the United States imposed extreme pressure on Iran and blocked it completely, so it strongly promoted Saudi Arabia to fight against Iran. However, as the times change, Saudi Arabia’s continued confrontation with Iran will increasingly not be in line with its national interests, so there is a possibility that the relevant foreign policy will turn in time.

Secondly, Shay agreed that the resumption of diplomatic relations was not achieved overnight, but was the result of long-term negotiations and gradual deliberation. As stated in the trilateral joint statement, Iraq and Oman have also hosted several rounds of dialogue for Shai. In the process of continuous negotiation and dialogue, Shay’s position has gradually become consistent. “This is an indispensable link”.

Li Shaoxian believed that China actively participated in the mediation and eventually led to the agreement of the two countries to resume diplomatic relations. The Associated Press also pointed out in the report that this “breakthrough” represents significant achievements in China’s diplomatic work.

沙特伊朗北京对话同意复交：树立和平对话解决国际问题的榜样

中国、沙特阿拉伯、伊朗10日在北京发表三方联合声明。三国宣布，沙特和伊朗达成一份协议，包括同意恢复双方外交关系等内容。联合国秘书长古特雷斯通过发言人发表声明，对沙伊恢复外交关系表示欢迎，并感谢中国促成对话。

宁夏大学中国阿拉伯国家研究院院长李绍先在接受中新社记者采访时说，沙伊同意复交展现了中国的耐心、智慧与担当，对中东地区安全局势产生积极影响，并为以和平对话解决相关国际问题树立了榜样。

沙伊同意复交的动力

“三方面因素促成沙伊同意复交。”李绍先指出，首先，两国之间存有共同利益。原先美国对伊朗采取极限施压、全面封堵的做法，所以强力推动沙特对抗伊朗。但时移势易，沙特继续同伊朗对抗将越来越不符合自身国家利益，因此有关外交政策就有了及时转弯的可能性。

其次，沙伊同意复交并不是一蹴而就的，而是长期谈判、逐渐酝酿的结果。正如三方联合声明所言，伊拉克、阿曼此前也为沙伊承办过多轮对话。在持续谈判对话的过程中，沙伊的立场逐渐趋于一致。“这是必不可少的一环”。

李绍先认为，中国积极参与斡旋，最终促成两国同意复交。美联社也在报道中指出，这一“突破”代表着中国外交工作取得重大成效。

展中国智慧与担当

国际社会关注到，中国在促成沙伊同意复交的过程中发挥了很关键的作用。李绍先认为，这展现了中国的耐心、智慧与担当。

“去年12月，习近平主席出席首届中阿峰会、中海峰会并对沙特进行国事访问。伊朗总统莱希于今年2月访华。沙伊两国对话如今在北京实现突破，展现了中国解决此问题的耐心。”李绍先说。

中国用自身智慧助力沙伊找到合作对话的最大公约数。沙伊同意将激活两国于2001年、1998年签署的相关协议，涉及安全、经济、贸易、投资、技术、科学、文化等领域。同时，中国、沙特、伊朗均表示愿尽一切努力，加强国际地区和平与安全。“沙伊在历史上本就有合作对话的基础。中国与他们一道重新发掘这些基础的重要价值。”李绍先说。

在教派冲突、外部势力干涉等因素影响下，沙伊之间的矛盾较复杂，甚至走上断交之路。李绍先说，这直接体现了促成沙伊同意复交的难度之高，也体现了中国在相关工作中的大国担当。“这更彰显中共二十大以后中国外交非常值得期待”。

树和平对话解决国际问题榜样

半岛电视台在报道中说，当沙伊存在分歧时，中东地区的安全局势就会恶化，这项协议可以促使本地区的安全局势得到改善。美联社介绍称，该协议降低了中东地区发生武装冲突的可能性。

“沙伊同意复交对中东地区安全局势具有明显且深远的意义。”李绍先表示，中东地区内部的顽疾颇多，比如叙利亚危机、巴以冲突持续牵动着国际社会的神经，而也门冲突等问题也急需找到一条妥善的解决之道。“沙伊同意复交对解决此类紧张关系树立了和平对话的榜样”。

李绍先坦言，中东之所以成为世界热点中的热点，且长期动荡不宁，最大的问题就是美国等势力的干预。“中东长久安宁取决于中东国家自己。如要想安宁，命运就必须掌握在中东国家自己手中。”

李绍先表示，沙伊同意复交是一个典型范例，将让国际社会更加认真考虑中国在解决此类国际问题上的积极主张。