After learning weeks, months, years, and colors, probably you find that Chinese is a very logical language. Here are more examples:

FOOD & DRINK

ròu 肉 meat
niú ròu 牛肉 — OX meat — beef
yáng ròu 羊肉 — sheep meat — lamb
zhū ròu 猪肉 — pig meat — pork
jī ròu 鸡肉 — chicken meat — chicken
yā ròu 鸭肉 — duck meat — duck

niú pái 牛排 — OX piece — steak
zhū pái 猪排 — pig piece — pork chop
jī pái 鸡排 — chicken piece — chicken chop

sān fēn shú 三分熟 — 30% cooked — rare
sì fēn shú 四分熟 — 40% cooked — medium rare
wǔ fēn shú 五分熟 — 50% cooked — medium
qī fēn shú 七分熟 — 70% cooked — medium well
shí fēn shú 十分熟 — 100% cooked — well done

xiā 虾 shrimp
lóng xiā 龙虾 — dragon shrimp — lobster

kě kǒu kě lè 可口可乐 — tasty and happy — coca cola
bǎi shì kě lè 百事可乐 — everything happy — pepsi

VEHICLE

chē 车 vehicle
xiǎo chē 小车 — small vehicle — car
chū zū chē 出租车 — rent vehicle — taxi
wǎng yuē chē 网约车 — internet appointment vehicle — Uber, DiDi etc
kǎ chē 卡车 — heavy vehicle — truck
yuè yě chē 越野车 — cross field vehicle — field SUV
diàn dòng chē 电动车 — electric vehicle — electric car
gōng jiāo chē 公交车 — public transport vehicle — bus
huǒ chē 火车 — fire vehicle — train
sān lún chē 三轮车 — three wheels vehicle — tricycle
zì xíng chē 自行车 — the vehicle riding by oneself — bicycle

SCHOOL

xué 学 study
xiǎo xué 小学 — small study — elementary school
zhōng xué 中学 — middle study — middle school
dà xué 大学 — big study — university
xué xiào 学校 — study place — school
gāo zhōng 高中 — high middle study — high school

OTHERS

diàn nǎo 电脑 — electric brain — computer
zhī fù bǎo 支付宝 — pay treasure — alipay
táo bǎo 淘宝 — looking for treasure — taobao.com
wēi xìn 微信 — micro letter — WeChat
bǎo mǎ 宝马 — treasure horse — BMW

ér zi 儿子 son
nǚ ér 女儿 daughter
hǎo 好 — 女 + 子 = 好 daughter + son = good — so  hǎo 好  means good

xiǎo hào 小号 S size
zhōng hào 中号 M size
dà hào 大号 — L size

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MEALS

zǎo fàn 早饭 — morning meal — breakfast
wǔ fàn 午饭 — noon meal — lunch
wǎn fàn 晚饭 — evening meal — dinner
fàn guǎn 饭馆 — meal place — restaurant

A little bit more formal way to say:
zǎo cān 早餐 — morning meal — breakfast
wǔ cān 午餐 — noon meal — lunch
wǎn cān 晚餐 — evening meal — dinner
cān guǎn 餐馆 — meal place — restaurant